“ We were to see ourselves as leaders of all black men world-wide.” The nine students called their philosophy “Neo-Blackism.” “ Our organization was going to be the vanguard in the move to create a new black nation,” wrote one of the N.B.M. cofounders. ![]() They pledged to purge Africa of racism and oppression, and promote research into traditional culture, including juju, a religion based on spiritual contagion through physical contact, whose practitioners imbue objects with divine power. The Neo-Black Movement of Africa was founded on the 7th of July, 1977, by nine students at the University of Benin, on the edge of the oil-rich Niger Delta. ![]() It produced a stringent code of conduct and a quarterly magazine filled with self-help, poetry, and agitprop called the Black Axe. Benin City was the movement’s spiritual home, its “mother temple.” How Was Black Axe Confraternity Founded?
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